Ghana is a West African country located in the Gulf of Guinea with a population of almost 33 million people. It is endowed with significant natural resources such as timber, gold, diamonds, bauxite, manganese, and oil, but also faced with environmental issues such as desertification, soil erosion, deforestation, overgrazing, and drought, which are impacting the agriculture sector, fisheries, water resources, energy, and human health. The service sector is the largest contributor to Ghana's GDP, followed by the industrial and agriculture sectors.Ghana is vulnerable to climate change impacts, which exacerbate the above-mentioned environmental issues and include the risks of flooding, droughts, wildfires, earthquakes, and landslides. In terms of geography, the northern and coastal regions of the country are the most vulnerable, while youth, women, children, certain occupational groups, persons with disabilities or chronic medical conditions, the elderly, socially isolated people, and low-income households are the most vulnerable demographic groups. Climate-related human mobility in Ghana predominantly consists of internal or cross-border displacement and circular migration, often directly caused or shaped by environmental stressors.
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